Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis Pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae

Description

This template was adapted from the original submission. Edits were made to enhance scientific accuracy, optimal usability and/or to meet industry-leading design standards for science communication. UDP-N-acetylmuramyl pentapeptide (UDP-MurNAc-5P) is formed by the sequential action of the Mur ligases in the cytoplasm. At the membrane, MraY adds UDP-MurNAc-5P to undecaprenyl-phosphate forming Lipid I, which is then converted to Lipid II by MurG. MurT/GatD amidate the second position of the peptide stem and a dipeptide branch may be appended by MurM and MurN. MurJ flips Lipid II (branched & unbranched) across the membrane and penicillin-binding-proteins (PBPs) produce mature peptidoglycan.

Acknowledgements

References

Helene Barreteau. (2008) Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. FEMS Microbiology Reviews. https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/32/2/168/2683919 Xue Liu. (2017) High‐throughput CRISPRi phenotyping identifies new essential genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Molecular Systems Biology. https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/msb.20167449 Adrian J Lloyd. (2008) Characterization of tRNA-dependent Peptide Bond Formation by MurM in the Synthesis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Peptidoglycan Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://www.jbc.org/content/283/10/6402.long Natividad Ruiz. (2015) Lipid Flippases for Bacterial Peptidoglycan. Biosynthesis Lipid Insights. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4714577/ Sanduo Zheng. (2018) Structure and mutagenic analysis of the lipid II flippase MurJ from Escherichia coli. PNAS. https://www.pnas.org/content/115/26/6709.full

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