Mechanisms of action of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX)
Description
5-FU is converted into three active metabolites: FdUMP, FdUTP, and FUTP. FUTP is incorporated into RNA disrupting its structure. fdUMP blocks dUMP binding to TA resulting in accumulation of dUMP, leading to dNTP imbalance. fdUTP is incorporated into DNA during replication, disrupting its structure. Both of these pathways result in DNA damage. Oxaliplatin induces DNA cross-links that disrupt DNA replication and translation. At last both 5-FU and oxaliplatin cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
Acknowledgements
References
Alcindor, T., & Beauger, N. (2011). Oxaliplatin: a review in the era of molecularly targeted therapy. Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 18(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.v18i1.708
Longley, D. B., Harkin, D. P., & Johnston, P. G. (2003). 5-fluorouracil: mechanisms of action and clinical strategies. Nature reviews. Cancer, 3(5), 330–338. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1074
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