Macrophage derived foam cell formation
Description
Endothelial barrier damage allows LDL to enter intima and oxidizes into highly inflammatory oxLDL. Inflammatory response causes endothelial cells to produce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules, recruiting monocytes. Monocytes differentiate into macrophages due to cytokines such as M-CSF. Macrophages internalize oxLDL, forming foam cells. Foam cell formation is crucial in atherosclerosis, leading to programmed cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokine release.
Acknowledgements
References
Poznyak A.V., et al. (2021) Macrophages and foam cells: brief overview of their role, linkage, and targeting potential in atherosclerosis Biomedicines, 1221.
Gui Y., et al. (2022) Foam cells in atherosclerosis: novel insights into its origins, consequences, and molecular mechanisms Front Cardiovasc Med.
Yu X.H., et al.,(2013) Foam cells in atherosclerosis Clin Chim Acta, 245-252.
Chistiakov, D.A., et al., (2017) Mechanisms of foam cell formation in atherosclerosis J Mol Med, 1153–1165.
Bobryshev Y.V., (2006) Monocyte recruitment and foam cell formation in atherosclerosis Micron, 208-222.
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