Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis
Description
The HPA axis works to regulate physiological responses to stress. Stress triggers the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus. CRH then stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary, which further prompts the adrenal glands to produce glucocorticoids (cortisol). The resulting accumulation of cortisol activates a negative feedback loop, which reduces ACTH and CRH release, ultimately terminating the stress response.
Acknowledgements
References
Ravindran, L. N., & Stein, M. B. (2009). Pharmacotherapy of PTSD: premises, principles, and priorities. Brain research, 1293, 24-39.
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