ECM Homeostasis and Degradation in Nucleus Pulposus Cells: Proliferation vs. Apoptosis
Description
Effects of ECM homeostasis and degradation on healthy and degenerated nucleus pulposus cells. On the left, ECM homeostasis supports NP cell proliferation. TGF-β stimulates TIMPs, which inhibit ECM-degrading enzymes (ADAMTS, MMPs), preserving ECM components like aggrecan and collagen II. On the right, ECM degradation leads to cell apoptosis. Increased levels of TNF-α and IL-1β enhance ECM-degrading enzymes, breaking down ECM components and disrupting ECM integrity.
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