Color Change Mechanism of Chameleons by Photonic Guanine Crystals
Description
This template was adapted from the original submission. Edits were made to enhance scientific accuracy, optimal usability and/or to meet industry-leading design standards for science communication.
Color change in reptiles is the result of light manipulation by pigmented cells and structural elements found in the skin. Chameleons have evolved two unique sets of sub epidermal layers composed of iridophores. These are pigmented cells that reflect light by tuning the spaces between the guanine nanocrystals conforming them. Type S crystals in the upper layer are responsible for rapid skin color change, while Type D crystals in the lower layer regulate heat by reflecting greater amounts of light.
Acknowledgements
References
Teyssier, J. et. al.. (2014) Photonic crystals cause active colour change in chameleons. Nature Communications. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7368.pdf
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