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This illustration describes the difference between the cold tumor and hot tumor. Cold tumors exhibit scant immune infiltration, primarily composed of fibroblasts, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and low CD8+ T cell and natural killer (NK) cell presence. These tumors often have Immunosuppressive immune cells and evade immunosurveillance, limiting the efficacy of immunotherapies. Conversely, hot tumors are characterized by abundant immune infiltration, and increased CD8+ T cell and NK cell populations, making them have more responsive to immunotherapies. Understanding tumor immunocontent—interactions between cancer cells and the immune system—facilitates the development of effective treatment strategies. [Adapted from GPT4, 2023]