Cardioprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors against cancer treatment-induced cardiotoxicity
Description
SGLT2 inhibitors protect against cardiovascular toxicity induced by anticancer via multiple mechanisms. They enhance energy metabolism by increasing the activation of nutrient deprivation pathways (AMPK and SIRT 1, 3, and 6) while inhibiting the nutrient surplus pathways (AKT/mTOR), resulting in enhanced autophagy and increased mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α). SGLT2 inhibitors mitigate oxidative and ER stress, block inflammatory pathways, inhibit ferroptosis, and enhance ketogenesis.
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